General Osteology, Arthrology and Myology
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
- What is osteology?
- A) The study of muscles
- B) The study of joints
- C) The study of bones
- D) The study of blood
Answer: C) The study of bones
- Which component provides flexibility and tensile strength to bones?
- A) Hydroxyapatite
- B) Collagen fibers
- C) Calcium phosphate
- D) Ground substance
Answer: B) Collagen fibers
- What is the outer layer of the heart wall called?
- A) Endocardium
- B) Myocardium
- C) Epicardium
- D) Pericardium
Answer: C) Epicardium
- Which type of bone is primarily responsible for weight support and movement?
- A) Short bones
- B) Flat bones
- C) Long bones
- D) Irregular bones
Answer: C) Long bones
- What is the primary function of the axial skeleton?
- A) Facilitates movement
- B) Protects vital organs
- C) Supports limbs
- D) Stores minerals
Answer: B) Protects vital organs
- Which type of joint is characterized by being freely movable?
- A) Fibrous joints
- B) Cartilaginous joints
- C) Synovial joints
- D) Fixed joints
Answer: C) Synovial joints
- What structure connects muscles to bones?
- A) Ligament
- B) Tendon
- C) Aponeurosis
- D) Bursa
Answer: B) Tendon
- What is the rounded end of a long bone called?
- A) Diaphysis
- B) Epiphysis
- C) Metaphysis
- D) Articulation
Answer: B) Epiphysis
- Which type of muscle is involuntary and striated?
- A) Skeletal muscle
- B) Cardiac muscle
- C) Smooth muscle
- D) None of the above
Answer: B) Cardiac muscle
- What is the primary function of ligaments?
- A) Connect muscles to bones
- B) Connect bones to other bones
- C) Cushion joints
- D) Facilitate muscle contraction
Answer: B) Connect bones to other bones
- What type of joint allows for rotational movement?
- A) Hinge joint
- B) Pivot joint
- C) Ball-and-socket joint
- D) Saddle joint
Answer: B) Pivot joint
- Which of the following is a characteristic of smooth muscle?
- A) Voluntary and striated
- B) Involuntary and non-striated
- C) Involuntary and striated
- D) Voluntary and non-striated
Answer: B) Involuntary and non-striated
- What is the primary function of the appendicular skeleton?
- A) Protect vital organs
- B) Facilitate movement
- C) Support the body
- D) Store minerals
Answer: B) Facilitate movement
- What is the term for the study of joints?
- A) Osteology
- B) Myology
- C) Arthrology
- D) Histology
Answer: C) Arthrology
- Which type of bone is primarily responsible for protection?
- A) Long bones
- B) Short bones
- C) Flat bones
- D) Sesamoid bones
Answer: C) Flat bones
- What is the function of synovial fluid?
- A) Provides nutrients to bones
- B) Lubricates joints
- C) Connects muscles to bones
- D) Supports bone structure
Answer: B) Lubricates joints
- What is the primary role of tendons?
- A) Connect bones to other bones
- B) Connect muscles to bones
- C) Protect joints
- D) Store energy
Answer: B) Connect muscles to bones
- Which of the following is not a type of joint?
- A) Fibrous
- B) Cartilaginous
- C) Synovial
- D) Muscular
Answer: D) Muscular
- What type of bone is the patella?
- A) Long bone
- B) Short bone
- C) Flat bone
- D) Sesamoid bone
Answer: D) Sesamoid bone
- What does the term “diaphysis” refer to?
- A) The rounded end of a long bone
- B) The long shaft of a long bone
- C) The area where growth occurs
- D) The point where two bones meet
Answer: B) The long shaft of a long bone
Fill in the Blanks
- Osteology is the branch of anatomy that deals with the study of __________.
Answer: bones - The organic components of bone provide __________ and tensile strength.
Answer: flexibility - The __________ skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.
Answer: axial - The __________ skeleton consists of limbs and their girdles.
Answer: appendicular - Long bones, such as the femur, are designed to support __________ and facilitate movement.
Answer: weight - The __________ is the fibrous envelope surrounding the joint.
Answer: joint capsule - __________ joints are connected by dense connective tissue and are generally immovable.
Answer: Fibrous - The __________ is the rounded end of a long bone involved in joint formation.
Answer: epiphysis - The __________ is the region between the diaphysis and epiphysis where growth occurs.
Answer: metaphysis - The __________ is a flat, sheet-like structure that connects muscles to the parts they move.
Answer: aponeurosis - The __________ is a fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between bones and soft tissues.
Answer: synovial bursa - __________ muscle is voluntary and striated.
Answer: Skeletal - The __________ is the tough fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones.
Answer: tendon - Cartilaginous joints allow for __________ movement.
Answer: slight - The __________ is the point where two bones meet, forming a joint.
Answer: articulation - The __________ layer of the heart wall is thin and transparent.
Answer: epicardium - The __________ phase of the cardiac cycle involves relaxation of the heart chambers.
Answer: diastole - The __________ phase of the cardiac cycle involves contraction of the heart chambers.
Answer: systole - The __________ is a fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones at joints.
Answer: ligament - The __________ is the structure that transmits the force generated by muscles to bones.
Answer: tendon
True/False Questions
- Osteology is the study of joints.
Answer: False - The axial skeleton protects vital organs.
Answer: True - Compact bone is the inner layer of bone.
Answer: False - The diaphysis is the long shaft of a long bone.
Answer: True - Skeletal muscle is involuntary and non-striated.
Answer: False - The patella is an example of a sesamoid bone.
Answer: True - Cartilaginous joints allow for free movement.
Answer: False - Ligaments connect muscles to bones.
Answer: False - The epiphysis is involved in joint formation.
Answer: True - Myology is the study of bones.
Answer: False - The shoulder joint is an example of a synovial joint.
Answer: True - The structure of smooth muscle is striated.
Answer: False - The term “arthrology” refers to the study of muscles.
Answer: False - The function of tendons is to connect muscles to other muscles.
Answer: False - The joint capsule provides stability to the joint.
Answer: True - Osteocytes are responsible for bone formation.
Answer: False - The vertebrae are classified as irregular bones.
Answer: True - The term “abduction” refers to moving a limb towards the midline of the body.
Answer: False - Aponeurosis distributes muscular force over a wider area.
Answer: True - The fibrous joints are generally movable.
Answer: False