General Osteology, Arthrology and Myology

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. What is osteology?
   • A) The study of muscles
   • B) The study of joints
   • C) The study of bones
   • D) The study of blood
     Answer: C) The study of bones
2. Which component provides flexibility and tensile strength to bones?
   • A) Hydroxyapatite
   • B) Collagen fibers
   • C) Calcium phosphate
   • D) Ground substance
     Answer: B) Collagen fibers
3. What is the outer layer of the heart wall called?
   • A) Endocardium
   • B) Myocardium
   • C) Epicardium
   • D) Pericardium
     Answer: C) Epicardium
4. Which type of bone is primarily responsible for weight support and movement?
   • A) Short bones
   • B) Flat bones
   • C) Long bones
   • D) Irregular bones
     Answer: C) Long bones
5. What is the primary function of the axial skeleton?
   • A) Facilitates movement
   • B) Protects vital organs
   • C) Supports limbs
   • D) Stores minerals
     Answer: B) Protects vital organs
6. Which type of joint is characterized by being freely movable?
   • A) Fibrous joints
   • B) Cartilaginous joints
   • C) Synovial joints
   • D) Fixed joints
     Answer: C) Synovial joints
7. What structure connects muscles to bones?
   • A) Ligament
   • B) Tendon
   • C) Aponeurosis
   • D) Bursa
     Answer: B) Tendon
8. What is the rounded end of a long bone called?
   • A) Diaphysis
   • B) Epiphysis
   • C) Metaphysis
   • D) Articulation
     Answer: B) Epiphysis
9. Which type of muscle is involuntary and striated?
   • A) Skeletal muscle
   • B) Cardiac muscle
   • C) Smooth muscle
   • D) None of the above
     Answer: B) Cardiac muscle
10. What is the primary function of ligaments?
    • A) Connect muscles to bones
    • B) Connect bones to other bones
    • C) Cushion joints
    • D) Facilitate muscle contraction
      Answer: B) Connect bones to other bones
11. What type of joint allows for rotational movement?
    • A) Hinge joint
    • B) Pivot joint
    • C) Ball-and-socket joint
    • D) Saddle joint
      Answer: B) Pivot joint
12. Which of the following is a characteristic of smooth muscle?
    • A) Voluntary and striated
    • B) Involuntary and non-striated
    • C) Involuntary and striated
    • D) Voluntary and non-striated
      Answer: B) Involuntary and non-striated
13. What is the primary function of the appendicular skeleton?
    • A) Protect vital organs
    • B) Facilitate movement
    • C) Support the body
    • D) Store minerals
      Answer: B) Facilitate movement
14. What is the term for the study of joints?
    • A) Osteology
    • B) Myology
    • C) Arthrology
    • D) Histology
      Answer: C) Arthrology
15. Which type of bone is primarily responsible for protection?
    • A) Long bones
    • B) Short bones
    • C) Flat bones
    • D) Sesamoid bones
      Answer: C) Flat bones
16. What is the function of synovial fluid?
    • A) Provides nutrients to bones
    • B) Lubricates joints
    • C) Connects muscles to bones
    • D) Supports bone structure
      Answer: B) Lubricates joints
17. What is the primary role of tendons?
    • A) Connect bones to other bones
    • B) Connect muscles to bones
    • C) Protect joints
    • D) Store energy
      Answer: B) Connect muscles to bones
18. Which of the following is not a type of joint?
    • A) Fibrous
    • B) Cartilaginous
    • C) Synovial
    • D) Muscular
      Answer: D) Muscular
19. What type of bone is the patella?
    • A) Long bone
    • B) Short bone
    • C) Flat bone
    • D) Sesamoid bone
      Answer: D) Sesamoid bone
20. What does the term “diaphysis” refer to?
    • A) The rounded end of a long bone
    • B) The long shaft of a long bone
    • C) The area where growth occurs
    • D) The point where two bones meet
      Answer: B) The long shaft of a long bone

Fill in the Blanks

1. Osteology is the branch of anatomy that deals with the study of __________.
   Answer: bones
2. The organic components of bone provide __________ and tensile strength.
   Answer: flexibility
3. The __________ skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.
   Answer: axial
4. The __________ skeleton consists of limbs and their girdles.
   Answer: appendicular
5. Long bones, such as the femur, are designed to support __________ and facilitate movement.
   Answer: weight
6. The __________ is the fibrous envelope surrounding the joint.
   Answer: joint capsule
7. __________ joints are connected by dense connective tissue and are generally immovable.
   Answer: Fibrous
8. The __________ is the rounded end of a long bone involved in joint formation.
   Answer: epiphysis
9. The __________ is the region between the diaphysis and epiphysis where growth occurs.
   Answer: metaphysis
10. The __________ is a flat, sheet-like structure that connects muscles to the parts they move.
    Answer: aponeurosis
11. The __________ is a fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between bones and soft tissues.
    Answer: synovial bursa
12. __________ muscle is voluntary and striated.
    Answer: Skeletal
13. The __________ is the tough fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones.
    Answer: tendon
14. Cartilaginous joints allow for __________ movement.
    Answer: slight
15. The __________ is the point where two bones meet, forming a joint.
    Answer: articulation
16. The __________ layer of the heart wall is thin and transparent.
    Answer: epicardium
17. The __________ phase of the cardiac cycle involves relaxation of the heart chambers.
    Answer: diastole
18. The __________ phase of the cardiac cycle involves contraction of the heart chambers.
    Answer: systole
19. The __________ is a fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones at joints.
    Answer: ligament
20. The __________ is the structure that transmits the force generated by muscles to bones.
    Answer: tendon

True/False Questions

1. Osteology is the study of joints.
   Answer: False
2. The axial skeleton protects vital organs.
   Answer: True
3. Compact bone is the inner layer of bone.
   Answer: False
4. The diaphysis is the long shaft of a long bone.
   Answer: True
5. Skeletal muscle is involuntary and non-striated.
   Answer: False
6. The patella is an example of a sesamoid bone.
   Answer: True
7. Cartilaginous joints allow for free movement.
   Answer: False
8. Ligaments connect muscles to bones.
   Answer: False
9. The epiphysis is involved in joint formation.
   Answer: True
10. Myology is the study of bones.
    Answer: False
11. The shoulder joint is an example of a synovial joint.
    Answer: True
12. The structure of smooth muscle is striated.
    Answer: False
13. The term “arthrology” refers to the study of muscles.
    Answer: False
14. The function of tendons is to connect muscles to other muscles.
    Answer: False
15. The joint capsule provides stability to the joint.
    Answer: True
16. Osteocytes are responsible for bone formation.
    Answer: False
17. The vertebrae are classified as irregular bones.
    Answer: True
18. The term “abduction” refers to moving a limb towards the midline of the body.
    Answer: False
19. Aponeurosis distributes muscular force over a wider area.
    Answer: True
20. The fibrous joints are generally movable.
    Answer: False