Parasitic Immunity

1. The outer covering of trematodes and cestodes is called the:
A) Cuticle
B) Tegument
C) Moulting fluid
D) Flagellum
Answer: B

2. Which parasite has cuticle proteins that act as strong antigens?
A) Schistosoma spp.
B) Ascaris lumbricoides
C) Fasciola hepatica
D) Trypanosoma spp.
Answer: B

3. Subcellular fraction antigens are derived from:
A) Parasite eggs
B) Parasite’s external body surface
C) Specific organelles inside parasites
D) Host tissues
Answer: C

4. Flagellar antigens are important for immune recognition in:
A) Fasciola spp.
B) Trypanosoma spp.
C) Toxocara canis
D) Ancylostoma spp.
Answer: B

5. Excretory-Secretory (E/S) antigens are primarily:
A) Metabolic byproducts secreted by parasites
B) Host proteins
C) Egg shell fragments
D) Blood-borne toxins
Answer: A

6. Which parasite’s eggs cause granuloma formation in tissues?
A) Schistosoma mansoni
B) Toxoplasma gondii
C) Ascaris lumbricoides
D) Giardia lamblia
Answer: A

7. Moulting fluid antigens are particularly important in which type of parasites?
A) Cestodes
B) Protozoa
C) Filarial worms
D) Trematodes
Answer: C

8. Immunity naturally present at birth and non-specific in action is called:
A) Active immunity
B) Passive immunity
C) Innate immunity
D) Acquired immunity
Answer: C

9. Which cells are primarily involved in humoral immunity?
A) T lymphocytes
B) Macrophages
C) B lymphocytes
D) Natural killer cells
Answer: C

10. Cell-mediated immunity is crucial in defense against:
A) Extracellular parasites
B) Intracellular parasites
C) Environmental allergens
D) Bacterial spores
Answer: B

11. Immunity transferred from mother to offspring through colostrum is called:
A) Active immunity
B) Passive immunity
C) Sterilizing immunity
D) Concomitant immunity
Answer: B

12. Which type of immunity persists even after the parasite is cleared?
A) Cross immunity
B) Sterilizing immunity
C) Premunity
D) Passive immunity
Answer: B

13. Premunity can be described as:
A) Immunity that depends on the continued presence of the parasite
B) Immunity completely independent of parasite presence
C) Immunity by vaccination
D) Immunity by maternal antibody transfer
Answer: A

14. Immunity against one parasite species that protects against a closely related parasite is called:
A) Concomitant immunity
B) Sterilizing immunity
C) Cross immunity
D) Premunity
Answer: C

15. Concomitant immunity allows:
A) Killing of both new and existing parasites
B) Killing of only existing parasites
C) Killing of new invading parasites while allowing existing ones to survive
D) Killing of all parasites at once
Answer: C