Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
- What is the definition of blood?
- A) A specialized connective tissue
- B) A liquid that transports nutrients
- C) A tissue that circulates through the body
- D) A fluid that carries oxygen and waste
Answer: A) A specialized connective tissue
- What is the main function of red blood cells (RBCs)?
- A) Immune response
- B) Blood clotting
- C) Oxygen transport
- D) Hormone regulation
Answer: C) Oxygen transport
- What percentage of plasma is composed of water?
- A) 50%
- B) 75%
- C) 92%
- D) 100%
Answer: C) 92%
- What is the specific gravity of blood?
- A) 1.000
- B) 1.030
- C) 1.060
- D) 1.090
Answer: C) 1.060
- Where does erythropoiesis occur?
- A) Spleen
- B) Liver
- C) Red bone marrow
- D) Kidneys
Answer: C) Red bone marrow
- What is the average lifespan of an RBC in mammals?
- A) 60 days
- B) 90 days
- C) 120 days
- D) 150 days
Answer: C) 120 days
- Which organ is known as the “graveyard” of RBCs?
- A) Spleen
- B) Liver
- C) Kidneys
- D) Lungs
Answer: A) Spleen
- What is the main component of hemoglobin?
- A) Calcium
- B) Sodium
- C) Iron
- D) Zinc
Answer: C) Iron
- Which type of hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen?
- A) HbA
- B) HbF
- C) HbS
- D) HbC
Answer: B) HbF
- What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
- A) Oxygen transport
- B) Blood clotting
- C) Immune response
- D) pH regulation
Answer: A) Oxygen transport
- What is the name of the oxidized form of hemoglobin?
- A) Carboxyhemoglobin
- B) Methemoglobin
- C) Sulfhemoglobin
- D) Oxyhemoglobin
Answer: B) Methemoglobin
- What is the average blood volume in dogs?
- A) 30-40 mL/kg
- B) 60-70 mL/kg
- C) 90-100 mL/kg
- D) 120-130 mL/kg
Answer: C) 90-100 mL/kg
- What is the role of albumin in plasma?
- A) Immune response
- B) Blood clotting
- C) Osmotic pressure regulation
- D) Oxygen transport
Answer: C) Osmotic pressure regulation
- What is the pH range of blood?
- A) 6.0-6.5
- B) 7.0-7.5
- C) 7.35-7.45
- D) 7.8-8.0
Answer: C) 7.35-7.45
- What is the viscosity of blood compared to water?
- A) 1 times
- B) 2-3 times
- C) 4-5 times
- D) 6-7 times
Answer: C) 4-5 times
Fill in the Blanks
- Blood consists of cells and __________.
Answer: Plasma - __________ are responsible for immune responses.
Answer: White blood cells (WBCs) - Fibrinogen is involved in __________.
Answer: Blood clotting - __________ is a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production.
Answer: Erythropoietin (EPO) - Reticulocytes are __________ RBCs.
Answer: Immature - The heme group in hemoglobin contains __________.
Answer: Iron - Hemoglobin acts as a __________ by binding to hydrogen ions.
Answer: Buffer - __________ is formed when hemoglobin binds to carbon monoxide.
Answer: Carboxyhemoglobin - The average blood volume in cats is approximately __________ mL/kg.
Answer: 60-70 - The __________ is responsible for maintaining osmotic balance and pH.
Answer: Electrolytes - Aging or damaged RBCs are removed from circulation by the __________ and liver.
Answer: Spleen - Hemoglobin synthesis occurs during __________ in the red bone marrow.
Answer: Erythropoiesis - Globin synthesis requires __________ and ribosomes.
Answer: Amino acids - __________ is the precursor molecule for heme synthesis.
Answer: Porphyrin - Hemoglobin carries __________ dioxide from tissues to the lungs.
Answer: Carbon - __________ is formed when sulfur is incorporated into hemoglobin.
Answer: Sulfhemoglobin - The __________ is responsible for the density of blood.
Answer: Specific gravity - RBCs differentiate from stem cells through __________ stages.
Answer: Several - The __________ is the main function of RBCs.
Answer: Oxygen transport - __________ is the waste product formed from the breakdown of hemoglobin.
Answer: Bilirubin
True/False Questions
- Blood is a specialized connective tissue.
Answer: True - Platelets are involved in immune responses.
Answer: False - Plasma contains water, electrolytes, and proteins.
Answer: True - The average blood volume in mammals is about 10-12% of body weight.
Answer: False - Albumin maintains osmotic pressure and transports substances.
Answer: True - Erythropoiesis occurs in the spleen.
Answer: False - The average lifespan of an RBC is about 60 days.
Answer: False - Hemoglobin consists of four polypeptide chains and four heme groups.
Answer: True - Fetal hemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin.
Answer: True - Hemoglobin is responsible for pH regulation in the body.
Answer: True - Carboxyhemoglobin increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.
Answer: False - Methemoglobin can effectively bind to oxygen.
Answer: False - Erythropoietin is produced by the spleen.
Answer: False - Heme synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.
Answer: True - Hemoglobin is responsible for the red color of blood.
Answer: True - The viscosity of blood is lower than that of water.
Answer: False - Reticulocytes are mature red blood cells.
Answer: False - Bilirubin is excreted in urine.
Answer: False - Hemoglobin transports carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs.
Answer: True - Hemoglobin binds to oxygen in the tissues and releases it in the lungs.
Answer: False