Quiz 1 of 0
Muscle Physiology, Organization of nervous system, Sense organs and receptors physiology
vaibhavpatel1028@gmail.com September 11, 2024
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
- What is the basic unit of muscle?
- A) Myofibril
- B) Muscle Fiber
- C) Actin
- D) Myosin
Answer: B) Muscle Fiber
- What triggers the release of calcium ions during muscle contraction?
- A) Action potential
- B) Resting membrane potential
- C) Threshold level
- D) Latent period
Answer: A) Action potential
- Which type of muscle contraction occurs when muscle length remains unchanged?
- A) Isotonic
- B) Eccentric
- C) Isometric
- D) Concentric
Answer: C) Isometric
- What is the minimum stimulus required to generate an action potential called?
- A) Latent period
- B) Refractory period
- C) Threshold level
- D) All-or-none principle
Answer: C) Threshold level
- Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in neuromuscular transmission?
- A) Norepinephrine
- B) Serotonin
- C) Acetylcholine
- D) GABA
Answer: C) Acetylcholine
- What is the resting membrane potential (RMP) of a typical neuron?
- A) +30 mV
- B) -70 mV
- C) -50 mV
- D) 0 mV
Answer: B) -70 mV
- Which type of neuron transmits sensory information?
- A) Motor Neurons
- B) Interneurons
- C) Sensory Neurons
- D) Efferent Neurons
Answer: C) Sensory Neurons
- What phenomenon occurs postmortem due to the inability to detach actin and myosin?
- A) Muscle Fatigue
- B) Rigor Mortis
- C) Muscle Contraction
- D) Muscle Relaxation
Answer: B) Rigor Mortis
- Which part of the ear is responsible for hearing?
- A) Pinna
- B) Cochlea
- C) Retina
- D) Lens
Answer: B) Cochlea
- What is the primary function of olfactory receptors?
- A) Detect light
- B) Detect sound
- C) Detect airborne chemicals
- D) Detect taste
Answer: C) Detect airborne chemicals
- Which type of muscle contraction involves a change in muscle length?
- A) Isometric
- B) Eccentric
- C) Concentric
- D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C
- What type of fatigue is associated with changes at the neuromuscular junction?
- A) Central Fatigue
- B) Peripheral Fatigue
- C) Muscle Fatigue
- D) Rigor Mortis
Answer: B) Peripheral Fatigue
- Which ion is primarily responsible for generating action potentials in neurons?
- A) Calcium
- B) Sodium
- C) Potassium
- D) Chloride
Answer: B) Sodium
- What is the primary role of the autonomic nervous system?
- A) Control voluntary movements
- B) Regulate involuntary functions
- C) Process sensory information
- D) Facilitate learning and memory
Answer: B) Regulate involuntary functions
- Which part of the eye is responsible for focusing light?
- A) Retina
- B) Lens
- C) Cornea
- D) Iris
Answer: B) Lens
- What is the function of taste buds?
- A) Detect light
- B) Detect sound
- C) Detect dissolved substances
- D) Detect airborne chemicals
Answer: C) Detect dissolved substances
- What type of neuron connects sensory and motor neurons?
- A) Efferent Neurons
- B) Afferent Neurons
- C) Interneurons
- D) Motor Neurons
Answer: C) Interneurons
- What is the primary function of the cochlea?
- A) Balance
- B) Hearing
- C) Vision
- D) Smell
Answer: B) Hearing
- Which neurotransmitter is involved in regulating sleep?
- A) Acetylcholine
- B) Dopamine
- C) Serotonin
- D) Norepinephrine
Answer: C) Serotonin
- What is the main function of the sensory system?
- A) Control of movement
- B) Regulation of emotions
- C) Processing sensory information
- D) Coordination of balance
Answer: C) Processing sensory information
Fill in the Blanks
- The basic unit of muscle is called a __________.
Answer: Muscle Fiber - Action potentials travel along the __________ and into the T-tubules.
Answer: Sarcolemma - The time between action potential initiation and muscle contraction is known as the __________ period.
Answer: Latent - The process linking muscle excitation to contraction is called __________.
Answer: Excitation-Contraction Coupling - __________ contraction occurs when muscle length remains unchanged while tension increases.
Answer: Isometric - The electrical potential across the membrane of a resting neuron is referred to as the __________.
Answer: Resting Membrane Potential (RMP) - __________ neurons transmit sensory information to the central nervous system.
Answer: Sensory - The accumulation of metabolic byproducts can lead to muscle __________.
Answer: Fatigue - The process by which neurotransmitters are released from one neuron is called __________ transmission.
Answer: Synaptic - The __________ is responsible for converting light into electrical signals in the retina.
Answer: Neural Pathway - The movement of __________ ions across the membrane generates action potentials.
Answer: Sodium and Potassium - The __________ nervous system regulates involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion.
Answer: Autonomic - The __________ is the part of the ear that helps maintain balance.
Answer: Vestibular Apparatus - The __________ period is the time during which a muscle fiber cannot respond to a new stimulus.
Answer: Refractory - __________ is the postmortem stiffening of muscles due to the inability to detach actin and myosin.
Answer: Rigor Mortis - The __________ is the part of the eye that protects and nourishes the lens.
Answer: Aqueous Humor - The __________ is the structure that transmits sound vibrations to the inner ear.
Answer: Ossicles - __________ receptors are responsible for detecting airborne chemicals.
Answer: Olfactory - The __________ is the part of the neuron that receives signals from other neurons.
Answer: Dendrites - The __________ is the part of the neuron that transmits signals away from the cell body.
Answer: Axon
True/False Questions
- The all-or-none principle states that muscle fibers contract partially.
Answer: False - Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during muscle contraction.
Answer: True - Isotonic contraction occurs when muscle length remains unchanged.
Answer: False - Neurotransmitters like GABA regulate sleep and wakefulness.
Answer: True - Rigor mortis occurs due to the accumulation of ATP in muscle fibers.
Answer: False - Interneurons connect sensory and motor neurons within the central nervous system.
Answer: True - The cochlea is part of the visual system.
Answer: False - The threshold level is the minimum stimulus required to generate an action potential.
Answer: True - Muscle fatigue is only caused by central fatigue.
Answer: False - The resting membrane potential is typically around +30 mV.
Answer: False - The sensory system processes information from the environment.
Answer: True - Motor neurons are responsible for transmitting sensory information.
Answer: False - The lens of the eye helps focus light onto the retina.
Answer: True - Taste buds are responsible for detecting airborne chemicals.
Answer: False - The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system.
Answer: True - The resting membrane potential is positive during the resting state.
Answer: False - Action potentials are generated primarily by the movement of calcium ions.
Answer: False - The outer ear is responsible for amplifying sound waves.
Answer: True - Central fatigue is associated with changes at the neuromuscular junction.
Answer: False - The retina converts light into electrical signals for the brain.
Answer: True