Spermatogenic cycle, Puberty and photoperiod – uses of androgens, progestogens, estrogens.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. The process of sperm development in the seminiferous tubules is called:
   a) Oogenesis
   b) Spermatogenesis
   c) Folliculogenesis
   d) Gametogenesis
   Answer: b) Spermatogenesis
2. Sertoli cells provide:
   a) Hormones
   b) Nutritional support
   c) Sperm motility
   d) Testosterone
   Answer: b) Nutritional support
3. Leydig cells are responsible for producing:
   a) FSH
   b) LH
   c) Testosterone
   d) Estrogen
   Answer: c) Testosterone
4. The blood-testis barrier is formed by:
   a) Leydig cells
   b) Sertoli cells
   c) Germ cells
   d) Spermatogonia
   Answer: b) Sertoli cells
5. Seminal plasma contains:
   a) Only spermatozoa
   b) Fructose and prostaglandins
   c) Only proteins
   d) Hormones only
   Answer: b) Fructose and prostaglandins
6. Testosterone is regulated by:
   a) Negative feedback mechanisms
   b) Positive feedback mechanisms
   c) Direct stimulation from the brain
   d) Environmental factors
   Answer: a) Negative feedback mechanisms
7. Cryptorchidism refers to:
   a) Undescended testicles
   b) Inflammation of the testes
   c) Low testosterone levels
   d) Excessive sperm production
   Answer: a) Undescended testicles
8. The onset of reproductive capability in males is referred to as:
   a) Estrus
   b) Puberty
   c) Menopause
   d) Spermatogenesis
   Answer: b) Puberty
9. Photoperiod influences reproductive hormones through:
   a) Temperature changes
   b) Melatonin secretion
   c) Nutritional intake
   d) Physical activity
   Answer: b) Melatonin secretion
10. Progestogens are used to:
    a) Induce estrus in males
    b) Synchronize estrus cycles in females
    c) Increase testosterone levels
    d) Treat cryptorchidism
    Answer: b) Synchronize estrus cycles in females

True or False Questions

1. The spermatogenic cycle consists of stages that lead to the formation of mature spermatozoa.Answer: True
2. Sertoli cells produce testosterone in response to LH.Answer: False
3. Leydig cells are located within the seminiferous tubules.Answer: False
4. Semen is composed solely of spermatozoa.Answer: False
5. Testosterone functions include the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.Answer: True
6. Cryptorchidism can lead to increased fertility in males.Answer: False
7. Puberty marks the onset of reproductive capability in males.Answer: True
8. Photoperiod does not influence reproductive hormone secretion.Answer: False
9. Androgens can be used to enhance growth rates in livestock.Answer: True
10. Progestogens are primarily used to induce estrus in males.Answer: False

Fill in the Blanks

1. The process of sperm development is known as spermatogenesis.
2. Sertoli cells provide essential nutritional support to developing germ cells.
3. Leydig cells produce the hormone testosterone.
4. The barrier that protects developing sperm from immune attack is called the blood-testis barrier.
5. Seminal plasma contains components like fructose and prostaglandins.
6. Testosterone levels are regulated by negative feedback mechanisms involving GnRH and LH.
7. Cryptorchidism is characterized by undescended testicles.
8. The onset of reproductive capability in males is referred to as puberty.
9. Changes in day length influence reproductive hormones through secretion of melatonin.
10. Progestogens are used to synchronize estrus cycles in female animals.