Study of microscopic structures of digestive, circulatory, urinary, respiratory, nervous systems

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. What is the primary function of the small intestine?
   • A) Digestion of food
   • B) Absorption of nutrients
   • C) Storage of waste
   • D) Production of bile
   • Answer: B) Absorption of nutrients
2. Which part of the circulatory system carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?
   • A) Veins
   • B) Capillaries
   • C) Arteries
   • D) Lymphatic vessels
   • Answer: C) Arteries
3. What is the main role of the kidneys in the urinary system?
   • A) Produce hormones
   • B) Filter blood and produce urine
   • C) Store urine
   • D) Transport urine to the bladder
   • Answer: B) Filter blood and produce urine
4. Where does gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?
   • A) Trachea
   • B) Bronchi
   • C) Alveoli
   • D) Nasal cavity
   • Answer: C) Alveoli
5. Which type of muscle is involuntary and striated?
   • A) Skeletal muscle
   • B) Cardiac muscle
   • C) Smooth muscle
   • D) None of the above
   • Answer: B) Cardiac muscle
6. What is the primary function of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?
   • A) Produce red blood cells
   • B) Filter lymph fluid and house immune cells
   • C) Transport oxygen
   • D) Store hormones
   • Answer: B) Filter lymph fluid and house immune cells
7. Which gland is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system?
   • A) Thyroid gland
   • B) Adrenal gland
   • C) Pituitary gland
   • D) Pancreas
   • Answer: C) Pituitary gland
8. What is produced in the testes?
   • A) Eggs
   • B) Sperm and testosterone
   • C) Milk
   • D) Hormones only
   • Answer: B) Sperm and testosterone
9. The structure responsible for fetal development in females is the:
   • A) Oviduct
   • B) Ovary
   • C) Uterus
   • D) Vagina
   • Answer: C) Uterus
10. Mammary glands are primarily involved in:
    • A) Hormone production
    • B) Milk production
    • C) Nutrient absorption
    • D) Blood filtration
    • Answer: B) Milk production

True/False Statements

1. The esophagus is responsible for nutrient absorption.
   • Answer: False
2. Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
   • Answer: True
3. The alveoli are responsible for filtering lymph fluid.
   • Answer: False
4. Smooth muscle is voluntary and striated.
   • Answer: False
5. The kidneys play a crucial role in urine production.
   • Answer: True
6. The pituitary gland regulates metabolism directly.
   • Answer: False (it regulates other glands that control metabolism)
7. Lymphatic vessels transport oxygen throughout the body.
   • Answer: False
8. The uterus serves as a site for fetal development during pregnancy.
   • Answer: True
9. Cardiac muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs like the stomach.
   • Answer: False (it’s found in the heart)
10. Mammary glands produce hormones during lactation.
    • Answer: False (they primarily produce milk)

Fill in the Blanks

1. The primary function of the ________ system is to facilitate gas exchange.
   • Answer: Respiratory
2. The ________ are responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.
   • Answer: Kidneys
3. The ________ glands produce sperm and testosterone in males.
   • Answer: Testes
4. The ________ transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
   • Answer: Ureters
5. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where ________ exchange occurs.
   • Answer: Gas
6. The ________ gland is known as the master gland of the endocrine system.
   • Answer: Pituitary
7. Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart are called ________.
   • Answer: Arteries
8. The site for fetal development during pregnancy is called the ________.
   • Answer: Uterus
9. Lymph nodes filter lymph fluid and house ________ cells.
   • Answer: Immune
10. Mammary glands are involved in ________ production during lactation.
    • Answer: Milk