Study of organs of thorax, differences in between horse, dog, pig and fowl.

Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. What is the primary function of the trachea?
   • A) Gas exchange
   • B) Food transport
   • C) Air conduction
   • D) Immune response
     Answer: C) Air conduction
2. Which organ is responsible for T-cell maturation?
   • A) Trachea
   • B) Oesophagus
   • C) Thymus
   • D) Lungs
     Answer: C) Thymus
3. How does the trachea of a horse differ from that of a dog?
   • A) It is shorter.
   • B) It has complete cartilaginous rings.
   • C) It has a larger diameter.
   • D) It is more flexible.
     Answer: C) It has a larger diameter.
4. Which species has a shorter oesophagus leading into a crop?
   • A) Horse
   • B) Dog
   • C) Pig
   • D) Fowl
     Answer: D) Fowl
5. What is the primary function of the lungs?
   • A) Food storage
   • B) Gas exchange
   • C) Immune response
   • D) Air conduction
     Answer: B) Gas exchange
6. In which species is the thymus less developed compared to mammals?
   • A) Horse
   • B) Dog
   • C) Pig
   • D) Fowl
     Answer: D) Fowl
7. How does the lung structure of pigs compare to that of dogs?
   • A) Smaller overall lung capacity
   • B) Similar lobation but larger lung capacity
   • C) More distinct lobation
   • D) Completely different structure
     Answer: B) Similar lobation but larger lung capacity
8. What type of epithelium lines the oesophagus?
   • A) Simple squamous epithelium
   • B) Stratified squamous epithelium
   • C) Cuboidal epithelium
   • D) Columnar epithelium
     Answer: B) Stratified squamous epithelium
9. Which organ conducts air to and from the lungs?
   • A) Oesophagus
   • B) Thymus
   • C) Trachea
   • D) Lungs
     Answer: C) Trachea
10. Which species has lungs that are small and compact with air sacs?
    • A) Horse
    • B) Dog
    • C) Pig
    • D) Fowl
      Answer: D) Fowl

True/False Statements

1. The trachea is responsible for food transport from the mouth to the stomach.
   Answer: False
2. The thymus is located in the cranial mediastinum.
   Answer: True
3. The horse’s trachea is shorter than that of a dog.
   Answer: False
4. The oesophagus in fowl leads into a crop for temporary food storage.
   Answer: True
5. The primary function of the lungs is to conduct air to and from the trachea.
   Answer: False
6. Pigs have a similar lung lobation to dogs but with a larger overall lung capacity.
   Answer: True
7. The thymus decreases in size with age in horses and dogs.
   Answer: True
8. Fowl have a fully developed thymus similar to mammals.
   Answer: False
9. The oesophagus is lined with simple cuboidal epithelium for protection against abrasion.
   Answer: False
10. Lungs in horses have distinct lobation compared to those in dogs.
    Answer: True

Fill in the Blanks

1. The primary function of the _______ is air conduction to and from the lungs.
   Answer: trachea
2. The _______ is responsible for T-cell maturation in the immune system.
   Answer: thymus
3. The _______ in fowl leads into a crop for temporary food storage before digestion.
   Answer: oesophagus
4. The primary function of the lungs is _______ exchange.
   Answer: gas
5. The trachea of a horse has a _______ diameter compared to that of a dog.
   Answer: larger
6. The _______ in pigs has similar lobation to that of dogs but with larger overall lung capacity.
   Answer: lungs
7. The oesophagus is lined with _______ squamous epithelium for protection against abrasion.
   Answer: stratified
8. Fowl have small and compact lungs with _______ sacs that enhance respiratory efficiency.
   Answer: air
9. The thymus decreases in size as animals _______.
   Answer: age
10. The trachea contains _______-shaped cartilages that help maintain its structure.
    Answer: C